1. What was Wilson's 14th Point?
The League Of Nations (a precursor to the United Nations).
2. What terms of the treaty specifically affected Germany?
Well the Treaty in general was directed at Germany. It did not have any positive effects on Germany. It forced the germans to give back land to surrounding (ally) nations. This was part of Wilson's 14 Points that different ethnic groups had a right to form their on country or to join an existing country. The treaty also forced germany to pay millions of dollars in reparations to the ally nations. In short, Germany took sole blame for the war, the ally powers were unwilling to be forgiving. Especially Georges Clemenceau ("The Tiger") who believed that the treaty was too lenient with germany and that it should be shown little mercy.
3. What were the weaknesses of the treaty?
It was to hard on Germany. It asked way too much from its battered economy. It also angered the germans, nearly all of whom believed that the treaty was very unfair.
4. Why did Henry Cabot Lodge object to the treaty?
Well Lodge was a republican and despised Wilson. He also believed that the League of Nations would be the downfall of america, that by involving america in european problems would only be bad for america.
5. How did Wilson help bring about the Senate's rejection of the treaty?
Wilson didn't do a very good job of pleasing the republicans when it came to the Treaty of Versailles and therefore he lost a lot of vote for it.
6. What circumstances at this time would eventually lead many Germans to support Adolf Hitler?
After the war hatred only grew between european nations. Particularly between the ally powers and Germany. Germany soon got sick of taking the blame for the war and paying millions of dollars to countries that they so deeply hated. Eventually Hitler would use the germans hatred and want for revenge to gain power. Not to long after the Great War the great depression came and germany plunged even deeper into debt. Adolf Hilter promised the people of Germany that he would get them out of their great debt and lead them once again as a powerful european nation.
7. Who is Georges Clemenceau?
Georges Clemenceau (often referred to as "the Tiger" was a french Premier who saw Woodrow Wilson as to much of an idealst.
Clemeceau also saw the Treaty of Versailles as being to soft on Germany. Being french his country had suffered much damage at the hands of the germans and he desperately wanted retribution for germany.
8. Who is David Lloyd George?
George was british Prime Minister during the peace conferences in Paris.
9. Describe the participation of Russia at the peace conference.
Russia changed its borders and boundary to accommodate the treaty of versailles and the 14 points.
Wednesday, December 16, 2009
Thursday, December 3, 2009
1. How did the United States raise an army?
At first Woodrow Wilson had wanted the american forces fighting in the Great War to consist only of volunteers unfortunately by the time the US declared war on the central powers it was clear that the US army did not have enough volunteers to have any chance of winning the war. A draft was put into affect so that there would be enough soldiers.
2. How did U.S. soldiers help win the war?
When the US entered the war morale on the allied side was increased this helped them win the war. In addition to being a morale buster it also was a huge increase in fresh men who had not been fighting for 4 years in trenches.
3. What were the estimated economic costs of the war?
The war cost an approximate $338 billion.
4. What did the war cost in terms of the number of civilian deaths; military deaths?; injuries?; and refugees?
The Great War cost the world 22 million lives (half of which were civilians) and 20 million injuries.
5. Define armistice.
An armistice is an agreement made by opposing sides in a war to stop fighting at the same time like a truce. It comes from the latin arms meaning weapons + stitium meaning stoppage.
At first Woodrow Wilson had wanted the american forces fighting in the Great War to consist only of volunteers unfortunately by the time the US declared war on the central powers it was clear that the US army did not have enough volunteers to have any chance of winning the war. A draft was put into affect so that there would be enough soldiers.
2. How did U.S. soldiers help win the war?
When the US entered the war morale on the allied side was increased this helped them win the war. In addition to being a morale buster it also was a huge increase in fresh men who had not been fighting for 4 years in trenches.
3. What were the estimated economic costs of the war?
The war cost an approximate $338 billion.
4. What did the war cost in terms of the number of civilian deaths; military deaths?; injuries?; and refugees?
The Great War cost the world 22 million lives (half of which were civilians) and 20 million injuries.
5. Define armistice.
An armistice is an agreement made by opposing sides in a war to stop fighting at the same time like a truce. It comes from the latin arms meaning weapons + stitium meaning stoppage.
Tuesday, December 1, 2009
World War I Begins
1. What are the four main causes of World War I? Give an example for each as to why it was a cause.
-Military growth: European countries were expanding their militaries to match the size of their rival nations.
-Ally system: Many European nations formed alliances with other countries in order to protect themselves from countries they saw as threatening. This is the reason the war escalated to a world war so rapidly. Once a nation had declared war on an other nation its allies were obligated to not only support its desition but to also declare war against their ally's enemy.
-Imperialism lead to emense competition between the European countries for more land and resources.
-Nationalism was taken to the extreme durin the time before WWI each nation and each ethnic group wanted their own indipendent nation and each of them were eager to join the war when it came because they saw it as an opportunity to win their freedom.
2. How did the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand become the spark for WWI?
-Franz Ferdinand was the archduke of Austria and when he was killed be a serbian it was a perfect excuse to declare war against serbia and ultimately against Russia, France and Britain. Because many of the powerful European nations had formed alliances with each other they had no choice but to join the war.
3. What happened within the first few months of fighting?
Well Germany had what it believed to be a brilliant plan to capture both France and Russia all with in a few months. It involved crossing over the western border into Belgium then on to France where they were to seize Paris gain supplies and solders then swiftly move east across Germany and invade Russia. Unfortunately for Germany this plan relied to heavily on precise timing on the soldiers' part and had over looked or underestimated the power and speed at which the British army would come to the aid of Belgium. At any rate the Germans never even got as far as France as they were crossing Belgium the British met them and for four years neither side was able to advance much more than a few yards. All in all the plan epically failed for the Germans.
4. Generally, why did the United States want to stay out of the war?
THey didn't want to get involved in a war of that magnitude they would much rather stay out of the batle line and subtly help the side that they liked best.
5. Specifically, Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U.S. participation in the war? Naturalized citizens; socialists; pacifists.
Neutralized citizens wanted nothing to do with the war they had no or mixed feeling on who they believed should win the war and therefore didn't want to get involved. The thought that if the US got invovled it would only make a biger mess in Europe and with in America.
Socialists believed that the war had been brought about by imperialistic competition between the vaarious powers of Europe they believed that America should stay neutral throughout the war.
Pacifists didn't want the US fighting in the war because they oppose to all violence and didn't want people to die.
6. How did Germany respond to the British naval blockade of Germany’s ports? What was the U.S. response?
They used their U -boats which were like submarines and could sneak up and attack a ship with out it ever being able to see it. The Germans inflicted much more damage to the British ships but Britain maintained its control of the water.
7. What forced the United States into the war?
Germany was attacking U.S. civilian ships.
-Military growth: European countries were expanding their militaries to match the size of their rival nations.
-Ally system: Many European nations formed alliances with other countries in order to protect themselves from countries they saw as threatening. This is the reason the war escalated to a world war so rapidly. Once a nation had declared war on an other nation its allies were obligated to not only support its desition but to also declare war against their ally's enemy.
-Imperialism lead to emense competition between the European countries for more land and resources.
-Nationalism was taken to the extreme durin the time before WWI each nation and each ethnic group wanted their own indipendent nation and each of them were eager to join the war when it came because they saw it as an opportunity to win their freedom.
2. How did the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand become the spark for WWI?
-Franz Ferdinand was the archduke of Austria and when he was killed be a serbian it was a perfect excuse to declare war against serbia and ultimately against Russia, France and Britain. Because many of the powerful European nations had formed alliances with each other they had no choice but to join the war.
3. What happened within the first few months of fighting?
Well Germany had what it believed to be a brilliant plan to capture both France and Russia all with in a few months. It involved crossing over the western border into Belgium then on to France where they were to seize Paris gain supplies and solders then swiftly move east across Germany and invade Russia. Unfortunately for Germany this plan relied to heavily on precise timing on the soldiers' part and had over looked or underestimated the power and speed at which the British army would come to the aid of Belgium. At any rate the Germans never even got as far as France as they were crossing Belgium the British met them and for four years neither side was able to advance much more than a few yards. All in all the plan epically failed for the Germans.
4. Generally, why did the United States want to stay out of the war?
THey didn't want to get involved in a war of that magnitude they would much rather stay out of the batle line and subtly help the side that they liked best.
5. Specifically, Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U.S. participation in the war? Naturalized citizens; socialists; pacifists.
Neutralized citizens wanted nothing to do with the war they had no or mixed feeling on who they believed should win the war and therefore didn't want to get involved. The thought that if the US got invovled it would only make a biger mess in Europe and with in America.
Socialists believed that the war had been brought about by imperialistic competition between the vaarious powers of Europe they believed that America should stay neutral throughout the war.
Pacifists didn't want the US fighting in the war because they oppose to all violence and didn't want people to die.
6. How did Germany respond to the British naval blockade of Germany’s ports? What was the U.S. response?
They used their U -boats which were like submarines and could sneak up and attack a ship with out it ever being able to see it. The Germans inflicted much more damage to the British ships but Britain maintained its control of the water.
7. What forced the United States into the war?
Germany was attacking U.S. civilian ships.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)